75.What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?
75.亚伯拉罕.林肯做了什么重要的事情？
Answer:
答案：
•Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
●解放奴隶（奴隶解放宣言）
•Saved (or preserved) the Union
●维持联邦
•Led the United States during the Civil War
●在内战期间领导美国
Explanation:
解释：
Being the president of the United States is always a difficult and dangerous job, but it is especially so (or even more so) when there is a civil war and two or more parts of one country are fighting against each other. This was the experience of Abraham Lincoln, who was the 16th president of the United States.
做美国总统是一项又困难又危险的工作，在内战期间一个国家的两个或多个部分互相作战的情况下更是如此。不过这就是美国第16任总统亚伯拉罕.林肯的经历。
Abraham Lincoln believed that slavery (or the practice of owning other people and making them work without paying them) was wrong and he worked hard to make slavery illegal (or against the law) in the United States. This was one of the biggest reasons that the United States had its Civil War. The northern and southern states fought bitterly (or in a very serious and negative way) against each other and it seemed like the United States could not be united anymore (or with all the states working together in one country). But Abraham Lincoln led the United States during the Civil War and he was able to preserve (or save) the Union when many people thought it wasn’t possible.
亚伯拉罕.林肯相信奴隶制是错误的并努力使美国将奴隶制变为非法，这是导致美国内战的重要的原因之一。北方和南方的州进行了残酷的斗争，看起来美国是没有希望再统一了，但是亚伯拉罕.林肯在内战期间领导美国并在很多人认为不可能的情况下保住了国家的统一。
Abraham Lincoln also made the Emancipation Proclamation, an official government document that freed the slaves and made slavery illegal (or against the law). This made many people in the north happy, but it made many people in the south angry. In fact, the Emancipation Proclamation made some people so angry that they began to plan Abraham Lincoln’s assassination (or the murder of a country’s leader).
亚伯拉罕.林肯还发表了奴隶解放宣言，这是一部官方解放奴隶并使奴隶制定位非法的文件。这部文件使很多北方人很高兴，但使南方的很多人很愤怒。实际上，奴隶解放宣言使得一些人非常愤怒以至于他们开始策划谋杀亚伯拉罕.林肯。
On April 14, 1865, President Lincoln and his wife were watching a play (or theater performance) at Ford’s Theater in Washington, DC. A man named John Wilkes Booth was in the theater, too, and he had a gun. He shot President Lincoln. The president died the next morning. He was the first U.S. president to be assassinated. People in the northern part of the country mourned his loss (or felt sad that he had died), but some of the people in the south celebrated his death. Today he is remembered as a great president who helped the country stay together in very, very difficult times.
1865年4月14日，林肯总统和他的妻子正在华盛顿哥伦比亚区的福特剧院观看演出，一位叫约翰.威尔克斯.布斯的青年也在剧院，他带着一把枪并开枪杀死了林肯总统，总统第二天早晨去世了。林肯是美国第一位被谋杀的总统。北方民众哀悼他的死去，但有些南方人却庆祝他的死亡。如今他因在最最艰难的时候保持了国家的统一而被人们认为是一位伟大的总统。
Glossary
词汇
75.What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?
75.亚伯拉罕.林肯做了什么重要的事情？
especially so - even more so; very much true
Especially so—更甚的是；非常真实的
*Dan said, “I don't think teenagers should use drugs, and that's especially so when I think about my own children.”
*丹说：“我认为青少年不能使用毒品，尤其是当我想到我自己的孩子时。”
civil war - a war where two or more parts of one country are fighting against each other
Civil war—一个国家的两个或多个部分互相作战
*In a civil war, sometimes brothers and sisters fight against each other.
*在内战中有时候兄弟姐妹之间都会互相作战。
bitterly - in a very strong, negative, and unhappy way
Bitterly—非常强烈的，负面的，不高兴的方式
*The two cousins argued bitterly while they were growing up, but now they are good friends.
*这两亲表妹成长过程中经常激烈争论，但现在他们是好朋友了。
united - made of one piece, without many separate parts; joined
United—使成为一个整体，没有很多部分；结合的
*How many countries are united in the European Union?
*欧盟有多少个国家参加？
to preserve (something) - to be able to save something; to be able to protect something
To preserve (something)—能保留某物；能保护某物
*We took photographs to preserve the memories of our vacation.
*我们为纪念假期拍了一些照片。
Emancipation Proclamation - a U.S. government document that made it against the law to own other people as slaves
Emancipation Proclamation—美国政府颁布的文件将拥有奴隶视为非法
*The Emancipation Proclamation gave thousands of slaves their freedom.
*奴隶解放宣言使成千上万的奴隶获得了自由。
to free (someone) - to do something so that a person is no longer a slave; to let someone out of jail or prison; to give someone freedom
To free (someone)—做的某事使某人不再是奴隶；是某人离开监狱或拘留所；给某人自由
*Who freed the dangerous prisoners from the city jail?
*谁给了市监狱重犯的自由？
assassination - the murder of a country's leader or another important person
Assassination—谋杀国家领导或重要人物
*How many times has there been an assassination of a U.S. president?
*美国有多少总统遭到过暗杀？
to mourn (one's) loss - to feel very sad that someone has died
To mourn (one’s) loss—因某人死亡感到很伤心
*Their mother died last year, and they are still mourning their loss.
*他们的母亲去年去世了，但知道现在他们还很伤心。