76.What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
76.奴隶解放宣言做了什么？
Answer:
答案：
•Freed the slaves
●解放了奴隶
•Freed slaves in theConfederacy
●解放了联盟的奴隶
•Freed slaves in theConfederate states
●解放了联盟州的奴隶
•Freed slaves in most Southern states
●解放了大部分南方州的奴隶
Explanation:
解释：
In 1860, there were approximately four million slaves (or people who are owned and have to work without being paid) in the United States. By 1865, there were no slaves because they had all been given freedom. Their freedom came from President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
1860年美国大约有400万奴隶，到1865年这些奴隶都被解放了，他们的自由归功于亚伯拉罕.林肯总统的奴隶解放宣言。
Abraham Lincoln’s proclamation (or public announcement) emancipated (or gave freedom to) all slaves in the United States. The Emancipation Proclamation, which was made in 1863, made slavery illegal or not legal. This was a very risky decision, which means that it was a decision that could have caused a lot of trouble for Abraham Lincoln. The country was being torn in two (or strongly divided) between the northern states where slavery was illegal and the southern states where there were still many slaves.
亚伯拉罕.林肯的宣言解放了美国所有的奴隶。奴隶解放宣言于1863年制定，将奴隶制视为非法，这是一个非常危险的决定，也就是说这个决定可能会给亚伯拉罕.林肯带来麻烦。国家被分成了两部分，北方州将奴隶制视为非法而南方州仍有很多奴隶。
Abolitionists (or people who wanted slavery to end) had been asking Abraham Lincoln to make slavery illegal for a long time. But he had to act cautiously (or slowly and very carefully). He knew that the political decision would be very risky. In fact, he did not make the Emancipation Proclamation until the Civil War (or the war between America’s northern and southern states) had already started.
废奴主义者请求亚伯拉罕.林肯将奴隶制在长时间内定位非法，但他必须小心行事，因为他知道政治决定是非常冒险的。实际上，他知道内战开始才制定了奴隶解放宣言。
The Emancipation Proclamation made slavery illegal in the Union (or the northern states), but the Confederacy (or southern states) was no longer listening to the President of the United States at that time. Slavery didn’t become illegal in those southern states until they became part of the United States again after the northern states won the Civil War. Some of the southern states made slavery illegal right away, but others did it gradually (or a little bit at a time). Two states, Delaware and Kentucky, did not emancipate their slaves until 1865.
奴隶解放宣言使得奴隶制在北方州成为非法，但南方联盟在那时不再听从美国政府的领导。南方州直到北方州赢得内战再次成为美国一部分时才将奴隶制定位非法。有些南方州很快将奴隶制制定为非法，但另外一些州是慢慢猜制定的。有两个州，特拉华州和肯塔基州直到1865年才解放了奴隶。
When the Emancipation Proclamation was read aloud, many slaves wept (or cried) with happiness. They were happy to have their freedom and to know that their children would be free. However, it would be many years before they would begin to be treated equally (or in the same way) as white Americans. Even today there is still discrimination (or unfair treatment) against some African Americans or black Americans.
当奴隶解放宣言被大声宣读时，很多奴隶高兴的哭了，他们很高兴自己活得了自由，他们的孩子也会获得自由，但是他们要和美国白人享受同等的待遇还需要很长的时间。即便现在仍有一些对非裔美国人和美国黑人的歧视。
Glossary
词汇
76.What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
76.奴隶解放宣言做了什么？
proclamation - a public announcement; an official announcement said to many people
Proclamation—公开的宣言；对很多人公开的官方宣言
*The king made a proclamation that everyone should give one-half of their wealth to him.
*国王宣称所有人都要把一般的健康献给他。
to emancipate - to give freedom to someone; to do something so that someone is no longer a slave
To emancipate—给某人自由；做某事使某人不再是奴隶
*Some African Americans didn't know what to do after they were emancipated because they had always been slaves.
*有些非裔美国人在解放后不知道做什么好因为他们一直是奴隶。
risky - with many dangers; with a possibility for failure; dangerous
Risky—有很多危险；有失败的可能性
* Opening your own business is risky because you might lose all of your money.
*开战自己的事业有很大风险因为你可能损失你所有的积蓄。
torn in two - strongly divided; broken into two parts
Torn in two—强烈分开；成为两部分
*When Hans asked her to marry him and move away, she was torn in two by her love for him and her desire to stay where she was.
*当汉斯向她求婚并要求搬走时，她对汉斯的爱和留在家里的欲望将她的心撕成了两半。
abolitionist - a person who wanted slavery to end; a person who worked to change the laws to make slavery illegal (against the law)
Abolitionist—想结束奴隶制的人；努力工作想使奴隶制成为非法的人
*John Brown was a white abolitionist who tried to get black slaves in Virginia to fight for their freedom.
*约翰.布朗是一个白人废奴主义者，他试图让佛吉尼亚州的黑奴隶获得自由。
cautiously - slowly and very carefully
Cautiously—缓慢的小心的
*Sheila walked cautiously in the dark because she didn't want to fall down.
*茜拉在黑暗中小心行走以免摔倒。
gradually - a little bit at a time; happening or changing slowly
Gradually—一点点的；缓慢的发生或改变
*The doctor said that it is best to lose weight gradually, no more than two pounds per week.
*医生说最好是逐渐减肥，每州不超过两磅。
to weep - to cry
To weep—哭泣
*The movie was so sad and beautiful that it made me weep.
*这部电影太感人太美了，我都看哭了。
discrimination - unfair treatment, usually because of a person's age, race (skin color), gender (sex), or religion
Discrimination—不平等待遇，通常因为某人的年龄，种族，性别或宗教
*In the United States, many older people say that they cannot get good jobs because of age discrimination.
*在美国很多老人说他们因为年龄歧视找不到好工作。