Learn English free online - how to pronounce word in English - English Learning Online- www.pronounceword.com
点击左下方按钮打开菜单
Home
Daily word
慢速英语
Dictionary
English-English Dictionary
English-Chinese Dictionary
英语能力
英语口语
入门口语
俚语俗语
口语交际
英语听力
听力入门
英语演讲
英语美文
听力教程
听力节目
英语单词
分类词汇
单词学习
背单词法
词汇辨析
词汇搭配
构词知识
综合词汇
词汇趣谈
基础单词
职场英语
职场口语
面试英语
英语简历
职场法则
职场写作
双语职场
商务英语
商务口语
外贸英语
英语合同
bec考试
商务实战
商务谈判
商务信函
商务词汇
少儿英语
儿童故事
幼儿英语
少儿语法
少儿口语
行业英语
新闻英语
旅游英语
酒店英语
法律英语
计算机
银行英语
金融英语
医学英语
房地产
电信英语
双语阅读
美文欣赏
童话故事
历史文化
英语诗歌
名人名言
幽默笑话
人文地理
星座英语
阅读更多
英语考试
英语四级
四级经验
四级写作
四级阅读
四级词汇
四级听力
四级语法
英语六级
六级词汇
六级作文
六级阅读
六级翻译
六级真题
六级口语
六级听力
笔译口译
翻译技巧
翻译赏析
单词翻译
口译笔记
笔译考试
口译考试
考研英语
考研翻译
考研听力
考研作文
考研完形
考研阅读
考研复习
考研真题
考研词汇
考研口试
课堂英语
初中英语
高中英语
大学英语
英语作文
英语语法
经典教程
英语考试
专业四级
专业八级
中考英语
高考英语
自考英语
托福考试
托业考试
公共英语
GRE考试
雅思考试
English Article
beauty
attraction
beauty
fashion
weight
yoga
health
psycology
grief
happiness
meditation
motivation
goal
positive
success
spirituality
ethics
self-improvement
life
crafts
coffee
fishing
relationships
vacation
wealth
holidays
nutrition
pets
babies
care
parenting
lifestyle
travel
medecine
acne
breastcancer
diabetes
medicine
pregnancy
sexuality
depression
lung
hairloss
heartdiseases
osteoporosis
home
improvement
security
decorating
gardening
recipes
cooking
sports
aerobics
muscle
fitness
outdoors
golf
supplements
football
basketball
culture
marketing
reviews
copywriting
humanities
language
music
negotiation
philosophy
poetry
pr
presentation
speaking
writing
movie
celebrity
christmas
management
advertising
branding
trading
service
forums
marketing
business
sales
entrepreneurialism
management
training
teleselling
leadership
management1
organizing
strategic
stress
team
timemanagement
lov
dating
divorce
wedding
others
alternative
aviation
employment
university
creativity
credit
cruising
ezine
publishing
game
humor
inspirational
motorcycles
politics语
realestate
science
stocks
structured
tips
wine
environment
Talk Lessons
Word Lists
Our dictionary
Home
/
learn words
BBC中国故事 第一集 祖先 Part 9 神秘的观星象,知天命
[by:www.pronounceword.com] [00:09.89]as the Shang diviners asked the ancestors in heaven for guidance, anxiously watching the stars for omens of auspiciousness and omens of disaster.同时,商朝的祭司向天上的祖先请求指引,并焦急地观察星象,以获知凶吉征兆。 [00:28.99]To them, time, as revealed in the movements of the stars and planets, was a truly portentous dimension, full of danger as well as auspiciousness, 对于他们来说,根据恒星和行星的移动所构成特定的时辰,是充满预兆性的,可据此辨认凶吉, [00:41.45]and especially for the rulers,for they knew that in time the planets would reveal heaven's judgment on their earthly rule.特别是对于统治者,因为他们知道,总有一天,上天会对他们的世俗统治降下评价。 [00:53.93]That brings us to one of the key ideas in early Chinese thought, the Mandate of Heaven.这也是古代中国人的核心思想之一--天命。 [01:07.84]The early Chinese believed their rulers should protect the people, keeping harmony with the order of heaven.古时中国人相信统治者应该保护子民、遵循天命。 [01:15.84]It was said the first Shang king had even offered himself as a sacrifice in time of drought.传说第一代商王在大旱时,以自己作为祭品。 [01:27.44]But legend said the last Shang king was so depraved and cruel that heaven withdrew its mandate, and it gave a sign.但传说最后一任商王过于腐败残暴,所以天庭收回任命,作为警告。 [01:37.26]Five planets came together in the rarest of conjunctions.五颗星星以最不常见的结构组合在一起。 [01:44.71]As this happens only once every 516 years, we can pin down the very day.这种现象每516年发生一次,我们可以确定这一天的日期。 [01:51.35]So you can follow any single planet? 可以追寻任何一个星球的轨迹? [01:53.74]Yes. 对 [01:53.88]It's just...wonderful.这真是...太神奇了。 [01:58.57]We asked the Beijing Planetarium to work out the exact 'date of the omen and to show us the night sky at that moment.我们请求北京天文台计算出预兆出现的准确日期,并向我们展示当时的星象。 [02:08.39] So it's what historians always want to do, is actually go back in time - Mr Liu can do it for us.历史学家永远的梦想,穿越时空回到过去--刘先生可以帮助我们达成这一愿望。 [02:13.39]He can actually take us back to late May 1058 BC on his computer system, which is 1059 BC on historians' calculations.他的电脑系统带我们回到公元前1058年的五月末,历史学家们计算出的是公元前1059年。 [02:29.40]This time, this place, the sky...这一时刻,这个地方,天象是这样的...... [02:32.19]you can see them.你可以看到。 [02:34.75]The tribes who lived under the Shang tyranny saw the sign 'and made an alliance under a man known for his virtue, 'King Wen of the Zhou.生活在商王朝暴政之下的部落看见这一星象纷纷结盟,拥护德性高尚的周文王。 [02:45.88]This five-planet conjunction happens once every 516 years but that moment was the closest that has ever happened in human history 这种五星结构516年出现一次,而那一次是人类历史上最近的一次。 [02:56.37]and at that time the early Chinese chronicles say...据中国史书记载...... [03:00.41]when the five planets gather in the constellation called the Chamber a great vermillion bird landed on the altar of the earth on Mount Qi.五颗行星连接在一起叫做五星聚房,一只巨大的朱雀落在岐山的神坛上。 [03:17.23]In its beak was a jade sceptre, and it spoke, saying, "Heaven has commanded that the King...它嘴里叼着一根玉权杖,它说:“天庭有命” [03:24.88]of the Zhou should overthrow the King of the Shang "and take the kingdom.“令周推翻商王”并统治帝国。 [03:40.63]In the final battle, the wicked Shang king saw his subjects had turned against him.在决战中,残暴的商王发现臣民纷纷弃他而去。 [03:48.61]So he burned his palace with his treasures and his concubines and put on his jade suit and walked into the fire.他防火烧了宫殿,也烧了宫中的珍宝和嫔妃,然后穿上金缕玉衣走入火中。 [04:00.95]And so the ancestors passed the mandate to the King of the Zhou.祖先将天命授予周王。 [04:05.56]And he laid down the pattern of rule for future ages.他将德治流传给后世。 [04:09.38]Rulers must be virtuous and keep harmony between humanity and the cosmos by observing the rites and the music of the heavens.统治者一定要有德,并遵循上天的仪式和礼乐,以求天人和谐。 [04:19.92]RELIGIOUS MUSIC PLAYS [04:22.87]And, amazingly, some of the ritual traditions of the Zhou have come down to us today.神奇的是,周王朝的一些礼仪传统传承至今。 [04:30.65]China's oldest religion is Taoism.道教,中国最古老的宗教。 [04:34.79]In their ceremonies and their music the Taoists, the "seekers after the Way", are a living link with these ancient ideas about the relation of the kingdoms of earth and heaven.道教有自己的仪式礼乐,信徒追寻着“道”,他们连接着先人关于国家之间和天人之间关系的思想。 [04:49.96]CHANTING [05:25.92]And these very ancient customs and beliefs are still held in affection and practised by the ordinary Chinese people today.这些古老的习俗和信仰依然被今日的中国百姓所相信甚至实践。 [06:00.20]In later times the Zhou came to be seen as model rulers, fulfilling heaven's mandate.后来周王朝被看作统治者的模范,遵循天命。 [06:09.30]But China's fate throughout its history has been to fragment in times of crisis.但是纵观历史中国也曾在动荡时期分崩离析。 [06:16.20]HE SCREAMS [06:19.89]Eventually Zhou power disintegrated.最终周王朝也衰败了。 [06:24.33]And the heartland of China descended into chaos.中原地区陷入混战。 [06:32.21]Across the middle land, feuding kings and warlords fought for supremacy.长期战乱,群雄争霸。 [06:42.70]Surrounded by their armies, even in death.即使死后,也被三军拥簇。 [06:56.66]Amazing sight, isn't it? 非常壮观,是吧? [06:58.31]This is one of more than a dozen chariot burial pits that have been uncovered in the middle of Luoyang in the last few years.这是数十个战车墓葬之一,前几年在洛阳中部被发掘。 [07:06.31]This with excavated in 2003 during the modern building boom.这是在2003年现代建筑潮中发掘出来的。 [07:12.69]There's 18 chariots and their horses here, associated with the tombs of the Kings of the Eastern Zhou.有18辆战车和相配的战马,与东周帝王的墓连在一起。 [07:21.90]It's the world of Achilles and Hector in more than just the military hardware.这是荷马史诗一般的战乱时代,而且不仅仅是军事混战。 [07:27.70]Politically, just like Agamemnon, the kings here in the central plain of China depended on the co-operation of vassal states, smaller kingdoms.政治上亦然,就像阿伽门农(特洛伊战争中希腊军队的统帅),中原地区的王国依赖于周边小诸侯国合作。 [07:37.88]Sometimes more than 100 of them.有时多达一百个诸侯国。 [07:40.52]But these were rivals fighting each other, just like the Greek heroes sacking cities and enslaving their populations.他们互相征战,就像古希腊的英雄们一样劫掠城镇、俘虏并奴隶当地百姓。