BBC中国故事第四集明朝 Part13 利玛窦---天主教在中国传教的最早开拓者之一

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[00:01.36]In August 1582 a visitor arrived in the tiny Portuguese trading post of Macau on the South China Sea.1582年8月一位游客来到南中国澳门的这小片葡萄牙贸易区。
[00:16.24]It was an event of no apparent significance in the greater scheme of things.这件事情在更大的背景里看起来微不足道。
[00:20.68]But its repercussions would be world-shaking.但它的影响将撼动世界。
[00:25.43]The visitor was an Italian Jesuit called Matteo Ricci, 这位游客是一名意大利耶稣会的信徒，
[00:30.30]and his mission, unbelievably, was to convert China to Christianity.名叫利玛窦。难以置信的是他的使命是要让中国改宗。
[00:42.70]The founding of Macau had been part of the extraordinary expansion of European powers in the few decades since Columbus discovered the New World.澳门的建立，部分原因是哥伦布发现新大陆以来，几十年中欧洲列强大肆扩张。
[00:52.73]Small maritime states on the Atlantic seaboard, they were nothing compared with the greatness and antiquity of China.大西洋岸的沿海小国，它们无法与伟大而古老的中国相比。
[01:00.36]But with their new knowledge, and propelled by Chinese inventions, it was the Europeans, not the Chinese, who would seize the time.但是因为有了新知识，再加上中国发明的帮助，欧洲人而非中国人抓住了时机。
[01:11.18]And it all began with a simple trading deal.这一切都始于一次简单的贸易协定。
[01:15.73]This is the old fortress on the top of Macau.这是位于澳门高地的古老要塞。
[01:19.54]Portuguese had made their earliest explorations of the Chinese coast in 1513-14.葡萄牙人早在1513至1514年就开始在中国沿岸探险了。
[01:26.74]And then in 1557 the Ming government allowed them to actually settle on this peninsula and to live here.1557年，明朝政府允许他们在这座半岛上定居并生活下去。
[01:35.55]Not a formal treaty, and the Ming government looked after them very carefully.这不是一个正式协议，明朝政府严格地看管着他们。
[01:41.26]They had a landward wall with garrisons to make sure that they didn't come out of here, except at the allotted times - 他们有一座内陆墙，有兵守卫以确保外国人在非允许的时间内不会外出--
[01:49.70]twice a year, when they could sail up to Canton to trade.每年他们有两次可以坐船到广东进行贸易活动。
[01:56.47]It was the Europeans' first foothold.这是欧洲人的第一个立足点。
[02:00.53]Here in the south, Ricci worked for 15 years learning to speak Chinese like a native.在南方，利玛窦工作了15年，他的汉语学得跟当地人一样流利。
[02:08.43]And then, in 1598, he set off overland to Beijing. 到了1598年，他经陆路转到北京。
[02:14.49]The China he travelled through, he wrote, was the best-governed state on Earth, and a deeply moral civilisation.他记叙了自己途径的中国是地球上管理得做好的国家，是一个道德深厚的文明国度。
[02:22.41]But Christianity, he thought, would be the completion of their faith.但他认为，基督教将完善他们的信仰。
[02:30.49]To achieve that, his idea was to go to the very top to find a Chinese emperor like Constantine, who'd converted the Roman Empire to Christianity.为了完成使命，他想直接和统治阶层取得联系，找到一位康斯坦丁式的中国皇帝，他使罗马帝国皈依了基督教。
[02:40.14]- He's an honorary Chinese person?他也算是位中国人吧？
[02:41.88]- Yeah, and a great person. 是的，是一位伟大的人。
[02:45.00]He didn't succeed in that, 'but astonishingly there are 70 million Chinese Christians today.他没能如愿，但惊人的是，中国今天有七千万的基督徒。
[02:51.29]And in a sense you could say their story begins with Ricci. 你可以说，他们的故事就缘起于利玛窦。

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BBC中国故事 第四集 明朝 Part13 利玛窦---天主教在中国传教的最早开拓者之一

BBC中国故事第四集明朝 Part13 利玛窦---天主教在中国传教的最早开拓者之一