BBC中国故事第五集明朝 Part7 扬州盐商、慈善家鲍志道

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[00:14.30]And salt always very important in the story of Yangzhou.盐业在扬州历史上举足轻重。
[00:36.43]So, Yangzhou's 200 salt merchants became major players in the economy.扬州城内200多的盐商在帝国的经济中扮演了重要的角色。
[00:44.36]One of them came from a village we've already met in this story - Tangyue, home of the Bao family.其中一族在本系列的前几集中出现过--棠樾村，鲍家宗祠的所在地。
[00:52.20]Bao Zhidao became one of the richest men in China.鲍志道是当时中国最富有的人。
[00:56.38]Because they make business in Yangzhou and they're getting richer, so they have ability to build this kind of building.因为他们在扬州做生意，越来越富，所以他们有财力建造这样的建筑。
[01:04.33]So this is like grand bankers today in London, building their mansions with their swimming pools and everything else, 就像如今伦敦的大银行家建造他们的豪宅、泳池等等，应有尽有，
[01:10.05]but this is much more ritually centred and historically centred.但这里更具仪式感和历史意义。
[01:14.67]It's a corporation here.这里像个大公司。
[01:16.84]Filial piety is good for big business, and they don't need to lend, they don't need money - they collect money together and.....exactly, the wording is share.孝道有利于做生意的，他们不用借贷、不需现金--他们统筹资金，准确地说就是合股。
[01:29.27]So if we want to know who is the shareholder, just open the genealogy, 如果想要知道股东都有谁，只要翻出家谱，
[01:32.80]and see the activity of who is joining in the activity, the ritual activity, so you know the membership of this corporation.看看祭祀活动都有谁参加，即典礼活动，就知道谁是股东了。
[01:41.00]So, in China, the lineage, the family, is the corporation and the shareholders, 所以在中国，是用血缘、家族来组成公司、确定股份的。
[01:48.19]where, at this time in London or in the West, private companies start to be the shareholders.就像那时伦敦或是西方，私人公司开始搞合股一样。
[01:58.93]Back here in his home village, Bao Zhidao is still remembered by his family for his Confucian values.重返鲍家祖村，鲍志道的族人至今不忘他践行的儒家价值观。
[02:17.85]"The Confucian way was against excess."儒家反对奢侈。
[02:20.38]"Be thrifty, but don't hoard." 崇节俭，不囤财。
[02:22.77]Spend wisely. 精打细算。
[03:03.45]So China thrived again under Manchu rule.在满洲的统治下，中国再度繁荣起来。
[03:06.69]In the 18th century, it had the biggest GDP in the world.十八世纪的中国拥有世界上最大的GDP份额。
[03:19.25]And the Yangzhou merchants made the most of it.而其中贡献最多的当然是扬州商人。
[03:22.30]In their gardens, they held cultural gatherings.在他们的花园里，经常有文化聚会。
[03:25.33]Their guests were poets, painters and book collectors.客人都是诗人、画家和藏书家。
[03:30.63]Looking at it with Western eyes, you might say this looks very much like an enlightenment society.在西方人看来，你或许会说这看起来非常像是一种启智社交。
[03:38.14]These guys were the equivalent of billionaires today and they made their wealth on the backs of the poor..... 这些人相当于现在的百万富翁，他们挣来穷人的钱变得如此富有......
[03:46.13]but they were also public-spirited men.但同时他们也是公益人士。
[03:49.41]Bao Zhidao had the streets of his part of town repaved, he established an insurance system for the boatmen who ran the salt barges, 鲍志道重新铺砌了家乡的一段砖石路面，他为船员建立起保险机制，帮助在盐船上营生的人，
[03:59.39]he built charitable schools for children at the gates of the city, and he ploughed money back into his native village.他还为乡亲子弟创建了十二门义学，并且回乡捐赠了巨资。
[04:08.14]He may look very different to us, in his great silk blue gowns and his long moustaches and pigtails, 他和我们看起来的可能很不相同，他穿着蓝色的丝绸外衣，有着长长的胡子和辫子，
[04:17.20]but he's the very model of what would later be the Victorian philanthropist.但他是翘楚典范，堪称是维多利亚时代的慈善家。

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BBC中国故事 第五集 明朝 Part7 扬州盐商、慈善家鲍志道

BBC中国故事第五集明朝 Part7 扬州盐商、慈善家鲍志道