Part 2 字根 表示{状态}的字根 arch = first, chief, ancient 第一，最初，首要，古老
入门字
architect (n.) 建筑师
archi/ tect
chief/ skill
进阶字
1. archaeological (a.) 考古学的
archaeo/ log/ ical
ancient/ study/ 形容词字尾
Archaeological research has been likened to a jigsaw puzzle with most of the pieces missing.
有人把考古学研究比喻成极度残缺不全的拼图。
2. archaeopteryx (n.) 始祖鸟
archae/ opteryx
first/ wing
The archaeopteryx is aptly named because it was probably the first bird that took to the wing.
始祖鸟的名字很贴切，因为它大概是最早飞起来的鸟。
3. archaic (a.) 老式的，古老的
arch/ aic
ancient/ 形容词字尾
The King James Bible, compiled in 1611, uses language that seems archaic today.
詹姆士国王版的圣经于一六一一年编订，使用的是现今看来老式的语言。
4. archangel (n.) 大天使
arch/ angel
chief/ angel
Satan was once an archangel before his ambition drove him on a path of defiance.
撒旦原本是大天使，后来因野心太大，走上反抗之路。
5. archbishop (n.) 大主教
arch/ bishop
chief/ bishop
Chaucer's Canterbury Tales tells of a pilgrimage to the shrine of the archbishop of Canterbury.
乔叟的《坎特伯里故事》说的是一趟到坎特伯里大主教圣殿的朝圣之旅。
6. archenemy (n.) 头号敌人
arch/ enemy
chief/ enemy
Stays up late is the skin health care archenemy.
熬夜是皮肤保健的大敌。
7. archetype (n.) 原型
arche/ type
first/ type
Shakespeare's Hamlet is an original creation, but critics have found an archetype for it in the Greek trilogy Oresteia, in which a prince kills his mother to avenge his father.
莎翁的《哈姆雷特》是原创作品，但评论家找到了它的原型，在希腊三部曲《奥瑞斯泰亚》中也有网子弑母为父报仇的情节。
8. archrival (n.) 主要对手
arch/ rival
chief/ rival
Netscape Navigator is the archrival of Microsoft's Explorer.
网景公司的[领航员]导航器是微软公司[探险家]的主要对手。
9. anarchy (n.) 无政府状态
an/ arch/ y
without/ chief/ 名词字尾
American Libertarians favor minimal government, but not complete anarchy.
美国古典自由派主张小政府，但并非完全无政府状态。
10. matrlarchal (a.) 母系的，女性族长的
matri/ arch/ al
mother/ chief/ 形容词字尾
In a matriarchal society, it is the women who make all the important decisions.
在母系社会中，由妇女做所有重要的决定。
11. monarchy (n.) 君主政体
mon(o)/ arch/ y
one/ chief/ 名词字尾
Great Britain's political system is one of constitutional monarchy.
大不列颠的政治体制是君主立宪。
12. oligarchy (n.) 寡头政治
olig/ arch/ y
few/ chief/ 名词字尾
Aristotle said that oligarchy was merely a preliminary step to tyranny.
亚里斯多德说寡头政治不过是暴君专制的前身。
13. patrarch (n.) 男性族长，大家长
patri/ arch
father/ chief
Peng Ming-Min is the patriarch of Taiwan's opposition movement.
彭明敏是台湾反对运动的大家长。