Three British-born scientists have won the 2016 Nobel Prize for Physics.The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the award on Tuesday.The academy is recognizing David J. Thouless, F. Duncan Haldaneand J. Michael Kosterlitz for their work in topology,an advanced field of mathematics.Topology describes the properties of objects.Thouless, aged 82, once taught at the University of Washington,but is now a professor emeritus.Haldane, 65, is a physics professor at Princeton University in New Jersey.Kosterlitz, 73, is a physics professor at Brown University in Rhode Island.The men launched their experiments in the 1970s.The academy said their research projects brought about a newand unexpected understanding of the way solid materials behave.It said they also developed their own mathematical equations to explain the behaviors.In a statement, the Nobel judges said,"This year's laureates opened the door on an unknown worldwhere matter can assume strange states.Thanks to their pioneering work,the hunt is now on for new and exotic phases of matter."The judges said there is hope that topological materialswill help create new generations of electronics and superconductors.Haldane told reporters he was "very surprised and very gratified" to win the award."A lot of tremendous new discoveriesthat are based on this original work are now happening."He added that the discoveries came by accident,which is often the case with science."You stumble on it and you have the luckto recognize what you've found is something very interesting."The Associated Press spoke by telephone with Kosterlitz, who was in Finland.He said he was "a little bit dazzled" and "still trying to take it in."The Nobel Prize for Physics comes with a monetary prize of $930,000,which is split among the winners.The Nobel laureates will also collect a medal and diplomaat an award ceremony on December 10.The first Nobel Prize of this year – for Physiology or Medicine - was announced Monday.That award went to Japanese scientist Yushinori Ohsumifor experiments related to baker's yeast.Other Nobel prizes will be announced this week and next week.