without /wɪˈðaʊt, wɪθ-/ star5 CET4 TEM4

• 1.  

  PREP（介词） You use without to indicate that someone or something does not have or use the thing mentioned. 没有

  例：

  I don't like myself without a beard.

  我不喜欢自己一根胡子没有。

• 2.  

  PREP（介词） If one thing happens without another thing, or if you do something without doing something else, the second thing does not happen or occur. 没有 [PREP n/-ing]

  例：

  He was offered a generous pension provided he left without a fuss.

  只要他毫无怨言地离开，他就会得到一笔丰厚的退休金。

• 3.  

  PREP（介词） If you do something without a particular feeling, you do not have that feeling when you do it. 没有 (某种感觉)

  例：

  Janet Magnusson watched his approach without enthusiasm.

  珍尼特·马格努森毫无热情地看着他走近。

• 4.  

  PREP（介词） If you do something without someone else, they are not in the same place as you are or are not involved in the same action as you. 无 (某人) 在场

  例：

  I told Franklin he would have to start dinner without me.

  我告诉富兰克林他得撇下我开饭了。